How Do You Prepare for an Occipital Nerve Block Procedure?

Occipital nerve block is a procedure that helps with certain types of headaches, specifically occipital neuralgia. Occipital neuralgia is a headache that is located in the back of the head and causes pain sometimes just locally in the back but sometimes all over the head. Occipital neuralgia is not the only diagnosis that would be treated with occipital nerve block. Cervicogenic headache, which is a headache that starts in the neck due to neck issues and radiates to the rest of the head forward is also treated with occipital nerve block. 

What Does an Occipital Nerve Block Treat? 

Occipital nerve block uses anesthetics and steroids in order to reduce inflammation of the occipital nerve in the back of the head. As mentioned before occipital neuralgia, and inflammation have the occipital nerve in the back of the head, cervicogenic headache and neck pain are treated with occipital nerve block. Additionally another very rare headache call cluster headache is also treated with occipital nerve block. The treatment procedure, including occipital neuralgia treatment, comprises several steps discussed below. 

How to Prepare for an Occipital Nerve Block? 

Preparing for an occipital nerve block is crucial to ensure the procedure goes smoothly and effectively. Let's examine the necessary steps before, during, and after the procedure to maximize the benefits of this procedure:  

Before the Procedure 

• Medical Consultation: Consult with your provider to discuss your medical history and underlying conditions. We have to understand whether this treatment is right for you.
• Medication Adjustment: You might be asked to adjust your medications before the process.
• Arranging a Ride: You do not need to arrange for a ride as this procedure. 
• Fasting Period: You do not need to fast ahead of time. 

During the Procedure 

• Proper Positioning: You will be sit on a chair with your hair up.
• Local Anesthesia: anesthetics are used to numb the superficial skin. 
• Locating the Injection Site: The provider will identify the correct position of the occipital nerve using imaging scans such as ultrasound.
• Injection: A thin needle will inject the medication around the nerve. The medications consist generally of lidocaine and dexamethasone.  

After the Procedure 

• Observation Period: You might be observed for a few minutes to avoid any ill events. 
• Common Side Effects: Some patients might feel slight discomfort or dizziness.
• Rest Period: After the procedure, you may need to rest briefly (24 to 48 hours). You will also be asked to avoid strenuous activities.

Depending on the severity of the condition, the pain relief might be immediate or take a few days. 

Benefits of Occipital Nerve Block Procedure 

Though there are various types of nerve blocks for chronic headaches, occipital nerve block is highly beneficial as it effectively targets the source of pain. The benefits include: 

• Targeted Treatment: The medication is delivered directly to the source of pain, making it highly practical and effective.
• Quick Results: Many patients experience immediate relief from pain after the injection.
• Effective Pain Relief: It provides a notable reduction in the intensity and duration of pain.
• Minimally Invasive: The procedure is quick, involves minimal discomfort, and is done as outpatient.
• Improved Quality of Life: Occipital nerve block improves the ability to perform daily activities with either no pain or minimal residual pain. 

Common Side Effects and Risks of an Occipital Nerve Block

Occipital nerve blocks are generally safe and helpful. However, typical side effects might occur. These secondary effects are temporary and disappear within a few days or weeks. Some of the usual ones are: 

• Mild discomfort: One might experience temporary pain or tenderness at the injection site.
• Swelling and Numbness: There might be a minor swelling or numbing in the injection area.
• Dizziness: Some patients may feel light-headedness for a temporary period after the procedure.
• Headache and Nausea: Occasionally, the procedure may cause slight headaches or mild nausea in individuals. 

In addition to the above side effects, an occipital nerve block may result in some risks in rare conditions. These can be: 

• Infection or Bleeding: There is a slight risk of infection or minor bleeding in the area of application.
• Allergic Reactions: Allergic reactions to the medications used, though uncommon, can occur.
• Changes in Blood Pressure: Rare fluctuations in blood pressure might occur. 

How Long Will an Occipital Nerve Block Last? 

The duration of relief varies among individuals. Some may experience pain relief for several weeks, while others might find relief lasting for a few months. Follow-up treatments may be necessary for sustained relief. 

Occipital Nerve Block for Immediate Relief from Headaches and Migraines 

An occipital nerve block procedure provides long-term relief from headaches. Due to its minimally invasive nature, shorter recovery time, and low risk, it is a useful option for conditions related to the occipital nerve. However, several applications may be required for prolonged effect. The treatment procedure has minor side effects, but you must contact our office immediately in the case of uncommon signs or discomfort. 

Find Safe and Effective Occipital Nerve Block Procedures at Maasumi Headache & Spine Care 

At Maasumi Headache & Spine Care, we specialize in comprehensive pain management. Dr. KC Maasumi, board-certified in headache medicine, neurology, and interventional pain medication, strives to find the best possible care for headaches. Request an appointment to learn more about how our occipital nerve block procedure can benefit you.

FAQs

What is the function of the occipital nerve?

The occipital nerve provides sensory innervation to the scalp, transmitting sensory information from the back of the head to the brain.

What are the types of nerve blocks for headaches?

• Occipital nerve block
• Sphenopalatine ganglion block
• Trigeminal nerve block
• Ultrasound guided C2 block
• Cervical epidural steroid injection

What type of doctor does occipital nerve block?

Occipital nerve blocks are typically performed by pain management specialists, neurologists, or anaesthesiologists skilled in treating chronic pain conditions.

Is an occipital nerve block the same as trigger point injections?

Occipital nerve blocks target specific nerves in the back of the head, while trigger point injections address specific muscle knots in the trapezius causing pain.